JanetTerra
Jul 4, 2011
=Creating a Nonrectangular Window= //Janet Terra// [[toc|flat]] ---- Creating an irregular shaped window is achieved with WinAPI calls to user32.dll and gdi32.dll. The first step is to create a window without a caption. This can be achieved with the stylebits commands _WS_POPUP in the addbits parameter and _WS_CAPTION in the removebits paramater, or simply using the window_popup style. It is also advisable to keep the window in the forefront. Do this by using the stylebits command _WS_EX_TOPMOST in the extended bits parameter. Remember that any GUI window may be closed with Alt-F4. For more detailed discussion of stylebits, see [[media type="custom" key="9932065"]]. =Demo 1: Drawing a Nonrectangular Window= This first demo draws a circle, a rectangle, and some graphic text. The background is never added to the window. Only the actual drawings, including the graphic text, become part of the window. First, open a captionless window. [[code format="lb"]] Nomainwin 'Define the Window WindowWidth = 500 WindowHeight = 500 UpperLeftX = int((DisplayWidth-WindowWidth)/2) UpperLeftY = int((DisplayHeight-WindowHeight)/2) graphicbox #ShapeWindow.gb, 0, 0, 500, 500 stylebits #ShapeWindow.gb, 0, _WS_BORDER, 0, 0 'Keep the Shaped Window in the Forefront stylebits #ShapeWindow, 0, 0, _WS_EX_TOPMOST, 0 open "Shape Window" for window_popup as #ShapeWindow #ShapeWindow "trapclose [closeShapeWindow]" [[code]] Once the window is opened, handles and device controls to both the window and the graphicbox must be obtained. [[code format="lb"]] 'Obtain the Handles and Device Controls hBw = hWnd(#ShapeWindow) hBgb = hWnd(#ShapeWindow.gb) hDCw = GetDC(hBw) hDCgb = GetDC(hBgb) 'The Function Function GetDC(hW) Calldll #user32, "GetDC", _ hW as ulong, _ GetDC as ulong End Function [[code]] Now you're ready to draw an image. In this first demo, the image will be drawn using API calls. These are the steps in the [drawShape] gosub. 1: The Destination - Define a region to hold the finished window. Because this region will be built upon, start with all 0's for x, y, width and height. [[code format="lb"]] 'Original values for hRgn is meaningless hRgn = RectRegion(0, 0, 0, 0) 'The Function Function RectRegion(ulx, uly, width, height) CallDLL #gdi32, "CreateRectRgn", _ ulx as long, _ uly as long, _ width as long, _ height as long, _ RectRegion as ulong End Function [[code]] 2: The Circle - Define the x, y, width and height values for the circle. Select a red brush, paint the designated ellipse, delete the brush. [[code format="lb"]] 'hRgn1 = Elliptical Source Region hRgn1 = EllipticRegion(100, 50, 200, 250) 'Paint the Ellipse Red brushColor1 = 255 'Red Brush hBrush1 = createBrush(brushColor1) Call SelObject hDCw, hBrush1 Call PaintRegion hDCw, hRgn1 Call DelObject hBrush1 'The Functions and Subs Function RectRegion(ulx, uly, width, height) CallDLL #gdi32, "CreateRectRgn", _ ulx as long, _ uly as long, _ width as long, _ height as long, _ RectRegion as ulong End Function Function EllipticRegion(ulx, uly, width, height) CallDLL #gdi32, "CreateEllipticRgn", _ ulx as long, _ uly as long, _ width as long, _ height as long, _ EllipticRegion as ulong End Function Function createBrush(brushColor) Calldll #gdi32, "CreateSolidBrush", _ brushColor as long, _ createBrush as ulong End Function Sub PaintRegion hDC, hRgn Calldll #gdi32, "PaintRgn", _ hDC as ulong, _ hRgn as ulong, _ null as long End Sub Sub DelObject hObject Calldll #gdi32, "DeleteObject",_ hObject as ulong,_ null as long End Sub Sub SelObject hDC, hBrush Calldll #gdi32, "SelectObject", _ hDC as ulong, _ hBrush as ulong, _ null as long End Sub [[code]] Use CombineRgn to add this painted region, hRgn1, to the destination region, hRgn. [[code format="lb"]] 'Set hRgn to the Combination of itself and hRgn1 newRgn = CombineRgn(hRgn, hRgn, hRgn1, _RGN_OR) [[code]] Now that region hRgn1 is a part of region hRgn, it is no longer needed. Delete that object to free memory. [[code format="lb"]] 'Delete hRgn1 Call DelObject hRgn1 [[code]] 3: The Rectangle - Define the x, y, width and height values for the rectangle. Select a blue brush, paint the designated rectangle, delete the brush. [[code format="lb"]] 'hRgn2 = Rectangular Source Region hRgn2 = RectRegion(150, 75, 300, 200) 'Paint the rectangle blue brushColor2 = 255 * 256^2 'Blue Brush hBrush2 = createBrush(brushColor2) Call SelObject hDCw, hBrush2 Call PaintRegion hDCw, hRgn2 Call DelObject hBrush2 [[code]] Once again, use the API Call CombineRgn to add the pixels of the rectangle hRgn2 to the final destination region hRgn. [[code format="lb"]] 'Set hRgn to the Combination of itself and hRgn2 newRgn = CombineRgn(hRgn, hRgn, hRgn2, _RGN_OR) [[code]] The hRgn2 rectangle can now be safely deleted to free up space, as it's been added to the shaped window region hRgn. [[code format="lb"]] 'Delete hRgn2 Call DelObject hRgn2 [[code]] 4: The newly built region made up of regions hRgn1 and hRgn2 can now be set as the window. [[code format="lb"]] 'Set hRgn as the Window Call SetWindowRgn hBw, hRgn, 1 'The Sub Sub SetWindowRgn hWnd, hRgn, redrawMode Calldll #user32, "SetWindowRgn",_ hWnd as ulong,_ hRgn as ulong,_ redrawMode as boolean,_ SetWindowRgn as long End Sub [[code]] The SetBkMode of #gdi32 can be called to achieve a transparent background for text. Text can then become part of the window. [[code format="lb"]] 'Set background to Transparent Call SetBkMode hDCgb, 1 [[code]] ReleaseDC is again called to release memory. [[code format="lb"]] 'Release memory Call ReleaseDC hBgb, hDCbg [[code]] Graphics text is accomplished with native Liberty BASIC code. [[code format="lb"]] 'Format Text #ShapeWindow.gb "font Courier_New 14 Bold" #ShapeWindow.gb "color Black; place 120 150" #ShapeWindow.gb "\Alt-F4 to Close" Wait [[code]] Run your program and a shaped window appears. Close the window with Alt-F4 or include a button for closure. The window will stay on top of other windows, but it is possible for the window to lose focus. If this happens, click on the window before pressing Alt-F4. [[image:combineRgnPic.gif]] Click [[media type="custom" key="9932365"]] for the entire program. =Demo 2: Creating a Nonrectangular Window from a Bitmap in Memory= The second demo creates a nonrectangular window from a bitmap in memory. This demo draws the image, but you could just as easily load the bitmap from file using Loadbmp. The stylebits _WS_BORDER is used to remove the graphicsbox border. [[code format="lb"]] 'Define the Window WindowWidth = 250 WindowHeight = 250 UpperLeftX = int((DisplayWidth-WindowWidth)/2) UpperLeftY = int((DisplayHeight-WindowHeight)/2) stylebits #ShapeWindow.gb, 0, _WS_BORDER, 0, 0 graphicbox #ShapeWindow.gb, 0, 0, 250, 250 stylebits #ShapeWindow, 0, 0, _WS_EX_TOPMOST, 0 open "Shape Window" for window_Popup as #ShapeWindow #ShapeWindow "trapclose [closeShapeWindow]"=Third Part Title= Text here.'Obtain the Handles and Device Controls hBw = hWnd(#ShapeWindow) hBgb = hWnd(#ShapeWindow.gb) hDCw = GetDC(hBw) hDCgb = GetDC(hBgb) 'Draw the Shape #ShapeWindow.gb, "Down; Fill Black" Gosub [drawShape] Wait [[code]] Once again, after the shapes are drawn, the background color is set to transparent before writing the graphic text. A region to hold the contents of the new window is defined. [[code format="lb"]]'code here'Set region to null hRgn = RectRegion(0, 0, 0, 0) [[code]] The shapes are drawn and text is written. [[code format="lb"]] 'Draw a Rectangle #ShapeWindow.gb "color darkblue; backcolor blue" #ShapeWindow.gb "place 50 200; boxfilled 225 225" 'Set background to Transparent Call SetBkMode hDCgb, 1 'Release memory Call ReleaseDC hBgb, hDCbg 'Format and write text #ShapeWindow.gb "font Courier_New 16 86 Bold" #ShapeWindow.gb "color darkgreen; place 5 210" #ShapeWindow.gb "\Alt-F4 to Close" #ShapeWindow.gb "flush" [[code]] Each pixel must be now be read. The background color is black, as defined by [[code format="lb"]] #ShapeWindow.gb, "down; fill black" [[code]] so only **NON-black pixels** will become part of the new region, hRgn. Using a nested loop, the pixels can be searched across and down. [[code format="lb"]] 'Read each pixel. Add each pixel to hRgn only if 'color is NOT black (0) For x = 0 to 250 For y = 0 to 250 If pixelColor(hDCgb, x, y) <> 0 Then hTempRgn = RectRegion(x, y, x+1, y+1) newRgn = CombineRgn(hRgn, hRgn, hTempRgn, 3) Call DelObject hTempRgn End If Next y Next x [[code]] Each 2x2 block becomes a region. If the upper left corner pixel is not black, then that newly created tiny region (hTempRgn) becomes part of the final region (hRgn). If the upper left corner pixel is black, then it's not. //A word about searching by pixel. Reading pixel by pixel is a **<span style="color: #ff0000;">slow</span>** process. If you run the demo included in the files archive, be sure to allow 30 - 60 seconds before the background disappears. Larger bitmaps will take considerably longer.// Once the newly formed region, hRgn, is complete, that region is set as the window. [[code format="lb"]] 'Set the region as the Window Call SetWindowRgn hBw, hRgn, 1 [[code]] As a reminder, API created objects remain in memory until deleted. When closing the window, be sure to release the memory with DelObject. [[code format="lb"]] [closeShapeWindow] Call DelObject hBw Close #ShapeWindow End [[code]] The complete program, ShapedDemo2.bas, is included. ---- [[toc|flat]]